Deprecated: WP_Rocket_Mobile_Detect::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $headers as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/twonull1cpa/pretpal.2null1.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-rocket/inc/classes/dependencies/mobiledetect/mobiledetectlib/Mobile_Detect.php on line 888

Notice: Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called incorrectly. Translation loading for the acf domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the init action or later. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /home/twonull1cpa/pretpal.2null1.com/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6170

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Deprecated: Elementor\Controls_Stack::get_active_controls(): Implicitly marking parameter $controls as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/twonull1cpa/pretpal.2null1.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/includes/base/controls-stack.php on line 352

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Deprecated: ElementorPro\Modules\Forms\Submissions\Actions\Save_To_Database::save_action_log(): Implicitly marking parameter $exception as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/twonull1cpa/pretpal.2null1.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/modules/forms/submissions/actions/save-to-database.php on line 159

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Pretorska palača – PretPal
Deprecated: Elementor\Core\Files\CSS\Post::add_controls_stack_style_rules(): Implicitly marking parameter $all_controls as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/twonull1cpa/pretpal.2null1.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/core/files/css/post.php on line 221

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Zgodovina

Začetki komunske palače

Leta 1217 je bila najemna pogodba za zemljišče, povezana z beneškim samostanom sv. Ciprijana, sklenjena v Kopru »in palacio comunis«. To je najstarejša omemba komunske palače v Istri (Canzian, str. 96). Leta 1254 se v Kopru že omenja dvorana sveta (»sala consilii«) in 1268 veliki svet (»majori consilio«) (CDI II, nn. 289, 295).  Zgodnjo ureditev palače komune v Kopru je mogoče povezati z močjo koprske komune, o kateri priča tudi dogajanje v drugi polovici 12. stoletja. Leta 1177 je bila namreč ustanovljena škofija, ki ji je komuna leta 1186 zagotovila menso. Takrat je bil nastavljen tudi prvi škof. Marijina cerkev, ki se v virih omenja že leta 1082 kot osrednja koprska cerkev s pravico krščevanja za celotno civitas, v katero je sodila tudi Izola, je postala škofijska cerkev. Ob njej sta bili zgrajeni na severni strani krstilnica, na južni pa škofijska palača. Palača komune je nastala v neposredni bližini, kar je posledica odnosov med nastajajočo komuno in škofijo, ki sta bili od vsega začetka tesno povezani. Povsem drugače je to v mestih s starimi škofijskimi sedeži, kjer je bil škof nosilec oblasti. Tam se sedež komune oblikuje daleč stran od škofijskega kompleksa. Oba kompleksa sta bila v Kopru torej projekt komune. Zasedla sta prostor neposredno ob nekdanjem mestnem jedru, za katerega lahko domnevamo, da je zasedal najvišji del otoka severno od stolnice. Ta del se je v srednjem veku in kasneje imenoval Porta Isolana (Mlacović 2022, str. 839, 846).

Plathea communis v srednjem veku

Med škofijskim kompleksom, komunalno palačo in Porto Isolano se je v srednjem veku oblikoval velik tržni prostor, Plathea communis. Konec 14. stoletja ga je na vzhodu zamejeval portik stolnice, na jugu počasi rastoča komunska palača, zahodni in severni del pa sta bila bolj razgibana in odprta. V zahodnem delu je nedvomno stala cerkev sv. Katarine, ki se je s svojim vzhodnim zaključkom obračala na trg, ob njeni severni stranici pa sta bili ena ali dve zgodnjegotski stavbi, ki sta se z večdelnimi okni odpirali na današnji Kidričevo in Garibaldijevo ulico. Na severnem robu trga je pred 1402 stala javna stavba, »kjer je bil nekoč fontik« (ŠAK, Kapiteljski arhiv, perg., 180), za njo pa so se vrstile različne stavbe, med njimi so nekatere precej razkošne sodile v fond najemniških stavb stolnega kapitlja. Najpomembnejša funkcija Plathee communis, ki se je na severu širil proti Malemu Brolu, je bila trgovina. Zasebne stavbe in tudi bolj ali manj provizorični trgovski lokali so zasedali velik del tega slabo definiranega odprtega prostora. Trgovine so pogosto imele nadstreške, trgovanju pa je služil celo portik stolnice.

Plathea communis v 15. stoletju

Situacija se je bistveno spremenila v drugi polovici 15. stoletja. Takrat se je upravno poslopje bistveno povečalo. Že leta 1452 je bila zgrajena nova dvorana sveta, ki je zasedla prostor nad Calegario in nadstropje stavbe na njeni vzhodni strani, zaradi povečanja potreb pa je kompleks palače postopoma zasedel tudi  zahodno stranico trga (Novak Klemenčič, v tisku). Na severni strani trga je bila v šestdesetih letih 15. stoletja zgrajena nova loža, na vzhodni stranici pa je bil odstranjen cerkveni atrij, cerkev pa je bila z monumentalno fasado podaljšana proti trgu. Prvi posegi so bili izvedeni še v duhu beneške cvetne gotike, zgornji del fasade cerkve, ki je nastal v času podestata Francesca Cappella in škofa Giacoma Valaressa konec 15. stoletja pa je izrazito renesančen. Trg se je takrat preoblikoval v reprezentativni trg, ki je služil tudi protokolarnim dogodkom, o čemer priča upodobitev prihoda podestata Sebastiana Contarinija v Koper, ki jo je leta 1516 naslikal Vittore Carpaccio.

Ulična mreža

Plathea communis je bila v srednjem veku s tremi pomembnimi ulicami povezana z robom mesta, ki se je konec 14. stoletja verjetno nahajal na naravnem robu otoka. Calegaria, današnja Čevljarska ulica, je bila osrednja trgovska ulica, ki se je pri Velikih vratih spustila do pristanišča ali pa ob obzidju nadaljevala svojo pot do mostu, ki je pri današnjih Mudinih vratih povezoval otok s kopnim. Grisa, današnja Kidričeva, je Platheo comunis povezovala z velikim pristaniščem, Calle larga, današnja Cankarjeva ulica, pa je vodila proti porti Bošedraga, ki je bila takrat živahen mestni predel, kjer so prebivali notarji in kjer je delovala tudi šola (Mlacović 2022,….). Do konca 15. stoletja se je otok z nasipavanjem terena na njegovem južnem robu precej povečal. Konec 15. stoletja je na tem nasipu zraslo tudi novo obzidje, ki ga je na svoji karti upodobil Giacomo Fino leta 1619. Karta priča o tem, da je bilo takrat obzidje na vzhodnem robu zaradi pogrezanja terena že poškodovano.